Dosa sebagai Ὀφείλημα: Telaah Leksikal Doa Bapa Kami dan Relasinya dengan Konsep חוֹב (ḥōb) dalam Tradisi Ibrani
Abstract
This article examines the concept of sin as debt in the Lord’s Prayer through a lexical study of the Greek term opheilēma and an exploration of its conceptual roots in the Hebrew tradition. The study challenges the common assumption that sin is resolved simply by ceasing sinful behavior. Using a qualitative approach that integrates philological analysis, historical exegesis, and a review of recent scholarship, the research demonstrates that opheilēma in Matthew 6:12 refers to an unresolved moral and relational obligation rather than an abstract moral failure. This finding aligns with the Old Testament understanding of sin as a burden of responsibility that requires relational restoration. Consequently, forgiveness emerges not as a mere emotional response but as an act that resolves obligation and restores relationship. The study highlights the conceptual continuity between the Old and New Testaments and offers a theological correction to reductionist views of sin in contemporary Christian discourse.
ABstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsep dosa sebagai hutang dalam Doa Bapa Kami melalui studi leksikal atas istilah Yunani opheilēma. Hal tersebut juga akan ditelusuri secara konseptual dalam tradisi Ibrani. Penelitian ini berangkat dari asumsi populer bahwa dosa dianggap selesai ketika seseorang berhenti melakukan dosa. Asumsi tersebut diuji secara kritis dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang memadukan analisis filologis, eksegesis historis, dan kajian literatur mutakhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa opheilēma dalam Matius 6:12 tidak menunjuk pada kesalahan abstrak, melainkan pada kewajiban moral dan relasional yang belum terselesaikan. Temuan ini selaras dengan pemahaman Perjanjian Lama yang melihat dosa sebagai beban tanggung jawab yang menuntut pemulihan relasi, bukan sekadar penghentian perilaku menyimpang. Dengan demikian, dosa dipahami sebagai realitas yang menuntut pengampunan sebagai tindakan penyelesaian, baik secara teologis maupun sosial. Artikel ini menawarkan koreksi teologis terhadap pemahaman reduksionis tentang dosa dalam konteks Kristen kontemporer.
Kata Kunci: Doa, Bapa Kami, hutang, pengampunan, studi leksikal.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.55097/sabda.v7i1.326
DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.55097/sabda.v7i1.326.g136
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